Monero
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigationJump to search
This article is about the cryptocurrency. For other uses, see Monero (disambiguation).
Monero
Monero-Logo.svg
Denominations
Ticker symbol XMR
Precision 10−12
Subunits
1⁄1012 piconero
Development
Original author(s) Nicolas van Saberhagen
White paper "CryptoNote v 2.0"
Initial release 18 April 2014 (6 years ago)
Latest release 0.17.1.7 / 15 December 2020 (43 days ago)
Code repository github.com/monero-project
Development status Active
Written in C++
Operating system Android, Windows, Linux, macOS, FreeBSD, Solaris
Source model Open source
License MIT License
Website getmonero.org
Ledger
Timestamping scheme Proof of work
Hash function RandomX
Block reward 1.26 XMR
Block time 2 minutes
Block explorer xmrchain.net
Circulating supply 17,788,189
Monero (/məˈnɛroʊ/; XMR) is a privacy-focused cryptocurrency released in 2014. It is an open-source protocol based on CryptoNote. It uses an obfuscated public ledger, meaning anyone can send or broadcast transactions, but no outside observer can tell the source, amount, or destination. A proof of work mechanism is used to issue new coins and incentivize miners to secure the network and validate transactions.
Monero uses different privacy-enhancing technologies to achieve anonymity and fungibility. It has attracted users desiring privacy measures that are not provided in more popular cryptocurrencies. However, it has also gained publicity for illicit use in darknet markets.
Contents
1 History
2 Privacy features
2.1 Ring signatures
2.2 Stealth addresses
2.3 Bulletproofs
2.4 Dandelion++
3 Mining
4 Transaction linkability
5 Regulatory responses
6 References
7 External links
History
In 2014, Bitcointalk forum user thankful_for_today forked the codebase of Bytecoin into the name BitMonero, which is a compound of bit (as in Bitcoin) and monero (literally meaning "coin" in Esperanto). The release of BitMonero was poorly received by the community that initially backed it. Plans to fix and improve Bytecoin with changes to block time, tail emission, and block reward had been ignored, and thankful_for_today simply disappeared from the development scene. A group of users led by Johnny Mnemonic decided that the community should take over the project, and five days later they did while also changing the name to Monero.
Due to its privacy features, Monero experienced rapid growth in market capitalization and transaction volume during 2016, much more than any other cryptocurrency that year. This growth was driven by its uptake in the darknet market, where people used it to buy stolen credit cards, guns, and drugs. Two major darknet markets were shut down in July 2017 by law enforcement. From the beginning, Monero has been used by people holding other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin to break the link between transactions, with the other cryptocoins first converted to Monero, then after some delay converted back and sent to an address unrelated to those used before.
On 10 January 2017, the privacy of Monero transactions was further strengthened by the adoption of Bitcoin Core developer Gregory Maxwell's algorithm Confidential Transactions, hiding the amounts being transacted, in combination with an improved version of Ring Signatures.
After many online payment platforms shut down access for white nationalists following the Unite the Right rally in 2017, some of them, including Christopher Cantwell and Andrew Auernheimer ("weev"), started using and promoting Monero.
The operators behind the May 2017 global ransomware incident WannaCry converted their proceeds into Monero. In June 2017, The Shadow Brokers, the group that leaked the code used in WannaCry, started accepting payments in Monero.
Malicious hackers have previously embedded Monero mining code into websites and apps seeking profit for themselves. In late 2017, malware and antivirus service providers blocked a JavaScript implementation of Monero miner Coinhive that was embedded in websites and apps, in some cases by hackers. Coinhive generated the script as an alternative to advertisements; a website or app could embed it, and use website visitor's *****U to mine the cryptocurrency while the visitor is consuming the content of the webpage, with the site or app owner getting a percentage of the mined coins. Some websites and apps did this without informing visitors, and some hackers implemented it in way that drained visitors' *****Us. As a result, the script was blocked by companies offering ad blocking subscription lists, antivirus services, and antimalware services.
In January 2018, Bloomberg suggested the hackers who stole approximately 500 million NEM tokens ($530 million) from Coincheck would find it challenging to launder them by selling them for Monero since at least one exchange, ShapeShift, had blocked NEM addresses associated with the theft.
In the first half of 2018, Monero was used in 44% of cryptocurrency ransomware attacks.
In November 2018, Bail Bloc released a mobile app that mines Monero to raise funds for low-income defendants who cannot otherwise cover their own bail.
Privacy features
Monero GUI 0.12.3.0 on Windows 10
Monero enforces privacy by default. It uses different technologies that complement each other to achieve anonymity and fungibility. It aims to meet two criteria: untraceability (having multiple possible senders for a transaction) and unlinkability (being unable to prove that multiple transactions were sent to the same person). Untraceability protects the sender with ring signatures, while unlinkability protects the receiver with stealth addresses.
Ring signatures
Monero is based on the CryptoNote protocol, which deploys one-time ring signatures as the core cryptographic primitive to provide anonymity. Ring Confidential Transactions (RingCTs), a variant of linkable ring signatures, were implemented on 10 January 2017. RingCTs have two components. The first is Multilayered Linkable Spontaneous Anonymous Group (MLSAG) ring signatures, which obfuscate the sender of a transaction. The second is Confidential Transactions (CTs), which use the Pedersen commitment to hide transaction amounts.
Stealth addresses
Monero generates one-time stealth addresses to hide the address of the recipient using the Dual-Key Stealth Address Protocol (DKSAP). It is generated by the sender on behalf of the recipient using two pieces of information. The first is a shared secret produced by the elliptic-curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH) key agreement. The second is the public key of the recipient who actively scans the blockchain, detects if a transaction is intended for their address, and recovers the private key for this one-time public key to access the funds.
Bulletproofs
In October 2018, Monero implemented bulletproofs, a non-interactive zero-knowledge proof (NIZKP) protocol. It replaced the Borromean ring signatures used in RingCT's range proofs. Bulletproofs substantially reduced the size of transactions, resulting in faster verification times and lower fees.
Dandelion++
Monero uses an unusual method of transaction broadcast propagation to obscure the IP address of the device broadcasting the transaction. The signed transaction is initially passed to only one node and a probablistic method is used to determine when a new signed transaction should be broadcast to all nodes as normal.
Mining
Monero is designed to be resistant to application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) mining, which is commonly used to mine other cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. It can be mined somewhat efficiently on consumer grade hardware such as x86, x86-64, ARM and GPUs, and as a result it is popular among malware-based miners.
Monero introduced the RandomX proof of work algorithm in November 2019 to further increase resistance to ASIC mining.
Transaction linkability
In April 2017, researchers highlighted three major threats to Monero users' privacy. The first relies on leveraging the ring signature size of zero, and ability to see the output amounts. The second, "Leveraging Output Merging", involves tracking transactions where two outputs belong to the same user, such as when they send funds to themselves ("churning"). Finally, "Temporal Analysis", shows that predicting the right output in a ring signature could potentially be easier than previously thought. The Monero development team responded that they had already addressed the first concern with the introduction of RingCTs in January 2017, as well as mandating a minimum size of ring signatures in March 2016.
In 2018, researchers presented possible vulnerabilities in a paper titled "An Empirical Analysis of Traceability in the Monero Blockchain". The Monero team responded in March 2018.
Regulatory responses
Monero and other privacy-oriented currencies have concerned regulators targeting illicit activities and money laundering. Exchanges in South Korea and Australia have delisted Monero and other privacy coins due to regulatory pressure. In September 2020, the IRS Criminal Investigation (IRS-CI) division offered up to $625,000 to contractors who can trace transactions or provide statistical probabilities that connect transaction data to specific users in Monero or Bitcoin's Lightning Network. On 30 September, the IRS awarded one-year contracts to data analysis firms Integra FEC and Chainalysis.
google bitcoin
tether обзор bitcoin коллектор daily bitcoin The primary draw of bitcoin for many users, and indeed one of the central tenets of cryptocurrencies more generally, is autonomy. Digital currencies allow users more autonomy over their own money than fiat currencies do, at least in theory. Users are able to control how they spend their money without dealing with an intermediary authority like a bank or government.кран bitcoin logo bitcoin bitcoin double bitcoin оборот
hashrate bitcoin график monero bitcoin завести ethereum dag криптовалюты bitcoin bitcoin продать сложность monero platinum bitcoin ethereum faucet bitcoin сервисы q bitcoin bitcoin uk bitcoin тинькофф сети ethereum bitcoin магазин алгоритм monero андроид bitcoin 1080 ethereum bitcoin вебмани
обменять monero mist ethereum конвектор bitcoin used to pay Ethereum transaction fees (in the form of ‘gas’), used as collateral for a wide range of open finance applications (MakerDAO, Compound), can be lent or borrowed (Dharma), accepted as payment by certain retailers and service providers use it as a medium of exchange to purchase Ethereum-based tokens (via ICOs or exchanges), crypto-collectibles, in-game items, and other non-fungible tokens (NFTs) earned as a reward for completing bounties (Gitcoin, Bounties Network). Furthermore, in Ethereum 2.0 (Serenity), users will be able to become a validator and help secure the network by providing computational resources and locking up 32 Ether per validator. Due to this, it is expected that Proof of Stake will lock a substantial amount of the circulating supply of Ether. There are also discussions around introducing a ‘fee-burn’ model where a percentage of Ether used to pay transaction fees would be ‘burned’ and thus reduce the circulating supply of Ether.bitcoin froggy bitcoin hub pull bitcoin bitcoin 1000 monero logo разработчик ethereum ethereum валюта сделки bitcoin bitcoin plus lootool bitcoin bitcoin generation bitcoin video bitcoin nachrichten ethereum markets tether wallet дешевеет bitcoin email bitcoin
ethereum contracts bitcoin weekly Most people trace the beginnings of blockchain back to Bitcoin and the Bitcoin Whitepaper of 2008. But many elements of blockchain technology actually precede Satoshi Nakamoto’s outline for a Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.For the full node operator, running the daemon and storing the chain, the benefit of dedicating hard drive space to the Bitcoin blockchain is 'minimally trusted' transactions; that is, he or she can send and receive Bitcoin without needing to trust anyone else’s copy of the ledger, which might be contain errors or purposeful falsifications.In 2016, known as the DAO event, an exploit in the original Ethereum smart contracts resulted in multiple transactions, creating additional $50 million. Subsequently, the currency was forked into Ethereum Classic, and Ethereum, with the latter continuing with the new blockchain without the exploited transactions.Currency is usable if it is a store of value, or, put differently, if it can reliably be counted on to maintain its relative value over time and without depreciating. In many societies throughout history, commodities or precious metals were used as methods of payment because they were seen as having a relatively stable value. Rather than require individuals to carry around cumbersome quantities of cocoa beans, gold or other early forms of currency, however, societies eventually turned to minted currency as an alternative. Still, the reason many examples of minted currency were usable was because they were reliable stores of value, having been made out of metals with long shelf lives and little risk of depreciation.2ethereum bitcoin блок Everything beyond this fundamental reality strays into abstract theory, relying on leaps of faith, hypotheticals and big words that no one understands, all while divorced from individual decision points. It is not that one individual is more trusted than another or one central bank relative to another; it is simply that, on an individual level, no individual is advantaged by someone else having the ability to print money, regardless of identity or interests. That this is true leaves only one alternative, that each individual would be advantaged by ensuring that no other individual or entity has this power. The Fed may have the ability to create dollars at zero cost, but money still doesn’t grow on trees. It is more likely that a particular form of money is not actually money than it is that money miraculously started growing on trees. And at an individual level, everyone is incentivized to ensure that is not the case. While there is a long habit of not thinking this particular thing wrong, the errant defense of custom can only stray so far. Time converts everyone back into reality. At present, it is the Fed’s 'shock and awe' campaign contrasted by the simplicity in bitcoin’s fixed supply of 21 million. There is no amount of reason that can replace an observed divergence in two distinct paths.bitcoin робот bitcoin сбербанк bitcoin status roboforex bitcoin trinity bitcoin работа bitcoin bitcoin darkcoin buy ethereum bitcoin fpga ava bitcoin bitcoin weekly сложность bitcoin bitcoin invest ethereum пулы erc20 ethereum курс ethereum ethereum course 6000 bitcoin партнерка bitcoin ad bitcoin bitcoin сервер ethereum токены mempool bitcoin bitcoin china bitcoin alliance
bitcoin переводчик bitcoin lurk tether addon s bitcoin bitcoin доллар bitcoin коллектор monero pro bitcoin tails
bitcoin даром king bitcoin io tether monero calc bitcoin терминал to bitcoin bitcoin ether flappy bitcoin bitcoin автор кошельки ethereum 16 bitcoin
top cryptocurrency bitcoin tails putin bitcoin ethereum цена bitcoin добыть bitcoin таблица gadget bitcoin пул bitcoin truffle ethereum bitcoin plus pow bitcoin bitcoin pro clicks bitcoin расширение bitcoin bitcoin qiwi mini bitcoin bitcoin blockstream
bitcoin instant bitcoin форум bitcoin cost monero address bitcoin word tether mining A DAO is a digital organization that operates without hierarchical management; it works in a decentralized and democratic fashion. So basically a DAO is an organization in which the decision-making is not in the hands of a centralized authority but preferably in the hands of certain designated authorities or a group or designated people as a part of an authority. It exists on a blockchain network, where it is governed by the protocols embedded in a smart contract, and thereby, DAOs rely on smart contracts for decision-making—or, we can say, decentralized voting systems—within the organization. So before any organizational decision can be made, it has to go through the voting system, which runs on a decentralized application.бесплатный bitcoin 5 bitcoin price bitcoin кошельки bitcoin 10 bitcoin вложения bitcoin Inside a smart contract, rules are written. In an ICO smart contract, the rules may be something like IF a user sends 1 ETH to the smart contract, THEN the smart contract sends 100 tokens to that user.It is perhaps true right at this moment that the value of Bitcoin currency is based more on speculation than actual payment volume, but it is equally true that that speculation is establishing a sufficiently high price for the currency that payments have become practically possible. The Bitcoin currency had to be worth something before it could bear any amount of real-world payment volume. This is the classic 'chicken and egg' problem with new technology: new technology is not worth much until it’s worth a lot. And so the fact that Bitcoin has risen in value in part because of speculation is making the reality of its usefulness arrive much faster than it would have otherwise.What is a Bitcoin Mining Pool?free monero hashrate bitcoin bitcoin analytics ethereum russia bitcoin android
bitcoin dark raiden ethereum paidbooks bitcoin reddit cryptocurrency ethereum монета
masternode bitcoin конвектор bitcoin bitcoin ads
bitcoin tm byzantium ethereum сша bitcoin All transactions, including the coinbase transaction, are encoded into blocks in binary raw transaction format.bitcoin код bitcoin foundation Securityminingpoolhub ethereum monero benchmark работа bitcoin bitcoin darkcoin ubuntu ethereum putin bitcoin 16 bitcoin the ethereum bitcoin pay
bitcoin программа avto bitcoin проекта ethereum bitcoin sportsbook bitcoin rates crococoin bitcoin токен ethereum status bitcoin
Email, which had been around in various forms for years, suddenly exploded with popularity. So did mobile phones and text messaging. Social media networks enabled us to share updates with friends and family everywhere. Skype went from being a little-know video chat service to a verb. Each of these innovations spread rapidly and widely because they made it easier and more affordable for people to communicate one-to-one.micro bitcoin segwit2x bitcoin china bitcoin bitcoin rt bitcoin сервисы fpga bitcoin майнинг tether bitcoin лотерея bitcoin dice bitcoin скачать future bitcoin
bitcoin elena bitcoin инструкция fun bitcoin бесплатно bitcoin ethereum coins client ethereum all cryptocurrency ethereum charts bitcoin бумажник future bitcoin datadir bitcoin bitcoin in ava bitcoin bitcoin quotes nya bitcoin bitcoin get ethereum supernova bitcoin hyip dollar bitcoin теханализ bitcoin bitcoin суть ethereum miner
cgminer bitcoin bitcoin rigs foto bitcoin bitcoin ann bitcoin mmm bitcoin miner уязвимости bitcoin planet bitcoin робот bitcoin оборот bitcoin token ethereum проверить bitcoin
hub bitcoin bitcoin main 1080 ethereum arbitrage cryptocurrency bitcoin coin bitcoin 4 bitcoin com
bitcoin fun bitcoin ферма сборщик bitcoin суть bitcoin bitcoin webmoney bitcoin aliexpress fenix bitcoin bitcoin start bitcoin swiss bitcoin knots bitcoin traffic
bitcoin sweeper криптовалюта tether cryptocurrency gold accepts bitcoin краны monero bitcoin gambling bitcoin maps ethereum алгоритм форумы bitcoin ethereum 1070 forecast bitcoin 2018 bitcoin
bitcoin xt it bitcoin tether обмен asics bitcoin tether обзор monero client bitcoin 2017 monero bitcointalk blacktrail bitcoin запрет bitcoin видеокарты bitcoin платформа bitcoin bitcoin aliexpress ccminer monero ethereum coins xbt bitcoin миксер bitcoin сложность bitcoin яндекс bitcoin компиляция bitcoin bitcoin часы bitcoin продам 1060 monero кредит bitcoin bitcoin 2020 ethereum io bitcoin акции цена bitcoin zcash bitcoin bitcoin comprar
ethereum miner login bitcoin bitcoin расчет ethereum info youtube bitcoin ecdsa bitcoin auto bitcoin bitcoin account direct bitcoin ethereum упал компания bitcoin tether программа криптовалюты ethereum bitcoin bitcointalk bitcoin инструкция bitcoin paper 2016 bitcoin обменник bitcoin ethereum сайт bitcoin song bitcoin иконка ethereum platform sha256 bitcoin bitcoin hesaplama jax bitcoin scrypt bitcoin иконка bitcoin что bitcoin exchange bitcoin rate bitcoin bittrex bitcoin python bitcoin bitcoin antminer bitcoin пул котировки ethereum bitcoin 1000 bcn bitcoin daily bitcoin ethereum клиент кошель bitcoin bitcoin eu dog bitcoin ethereum бесплатно обмен monero
bitcoin презентация tether обмен cryptonator ethereum бесплатный bitcoin
cryptocurrency magazine доходность ethereum lurkmore bitcoin lazy bitcoin bitcoin ваучер donate bitcoin bitcoin adress change bitcoin робот bitcoin конвектор bitcoin ethereum пул 5 bitcoin новые bitcoin cryptocurrency calendar bitcoin hardfork bitcoin download casinos bitcoin 999 bitcoin ethereum claymore поиск bitcoin cryptocurrency charts
polkadot store ethereum asics bitcoin usa bitcoin co joker bitcoin
bitcoin серфинг monero ico bitcoin футболка обновление ethereum покер bitcoin tether tools кошельки bitcoin click bitcoin mist ethereum bitcoin iq bitcoin ротатор
tether комиссии fasterclick bitcoin flash bitcoin wirex bitcoin bitcoin virus
bitcoin phoenix captcha bitcoin bitcoin конверт
monero сложность ethereum addresses bitcoin биржи видео bitcoin ethereum обменять bot bitcoin microsoft bitcoin x2 bitcoin bitcoin информация moneybox bitcoin ethereum покупка отследить bitcoin аккаунт bitcoin byzantium ethereum bitcoin wmx card bitcoin блокчейн bitcoin bitcoin карты github ethereum enterprise ethereum bitcoin de
bitcoin конвектор p2pool monero bitcoin accelerator bitcoin россия алгоритм bitcoin bitcoin haqida лотереи bitcoin
ethereum network truffle ethereum bitcoin python cryptocurrency chart ethereum биткоин ethereum обменять
blockchain ethereum bitcoin рухнул bitcoin перевод credit bitcoin generator bitcoin monero hardware bot bitcoin testnet bitcoin bitcoin получить accepts bitcoin проблемы bitcoin bitcoin аналоги bitcoin сервисы bitcoin футболка bitcoin миллионеры проекты bitcoin gold cryptocurrency pull bitcoin bitcoin бумажник locate bitcoin ethereum обвал ethereum ротаторы bitcoin фарминг fire bitcoin bitcointalk monero bitcoin займ bio bitcoin bitcoin стратегия best bitcoin tether android
land bitcoin bitcoin 99 clame bitcoin капитализация bitcoin monero btc сбор bitcoin service bitcoin talk bitcoin bitcointalk monero bitcoin life cryptonator ethereum asics bitcoin bitcoin pro nonce bitcoin bitcoin 4pda zebra bitcoin ethereum статистика токен ethereum p2pool monero bitcoin venezuela airbitclub bitcoin bitcoin обменник autobot bitcoin monero transaction ethereum habrahabr ethereum faucet reddit bitcoin заработать monero bitcoin mail bitcoin генератор
майнинг bitcoin курс monero bitcoin c рубли bitcoin bitcoin config monero bitcointalk bitcoin store uk bitcoin бесплатный bitcoin ethereum miner bitcoin freebie bitcoin alert bitcoin machine iphone tether bitcoin asic bank bitcoin bitcoin me форумы bitcoin
bitcoin блог bitcoin stock tether usdt dwarfpool monero buy tether доходность ethereum bitcoin теория bitcoin ann 600 bitcoin play bitcoin jaxx bitcoin bitcoin litecoin coinmarketcap bitcoin статистика ethereum bitcoin lion bitcoin рулетка
отзыв bitcoin статистика ethereum будущее bitcoin 50 bitcoin qiwi bitcoin rates bitcoin
rx580 monero maps bitcoin bitcoin серфинг
bitcoin kraken пулы bitcoin алгоритмы ethereum ethereum адрес big bitcoin ethereum telegram reddit bitcoin взлом bitcoin bitcoin skrill bitcoin ключи maps bitcoin bitcoin деньги регистрация bitcoin avatrade bitcoin bitcoin froggy bitcoin tools web3 ethereum bitcoin banking Reason 2) The Halving Cycleethereum проблемы
bitcoin donate bitcoin это fee bitcoin login bitcoin bitcoin аккаунт bitcoin машина динамика bitcoin bitcoin 1000 видеокарты ethereum калькулятор ethereum coingecko ethereum bitcoin видеокарты monero amd
ethereum charts шахты bitcoin bitcoin пулы
monero faucet ethereum coin алгоритмы ethereum bitcoin spinner
bitcointalk ethereum bitcoin development
carding bitcoin пузырь bitcoin сети bitcoin обменники ethereum
видеокарта bitcoin
polkadot su bitcoin transactions accepts bitcoin tera bitcoin rpc bitcoin microsoft ethereum ethereum explorer decred cryptocurrency usdt tether cronox bitcoin ethereum twitter форк bitcoin bitcoin department pizza bitcoin bitcoin ledger вирус bitcoin bitcoin курс bitcoin основатель алгоритм monero ethereum ico bitcoin 2010
doubler bitcoin Broader study reveals power is not truly migrating to the 'makers' in most companies. According to a research initiative by MIT Sloan Management Review and Deloitte Digital, digitally maturing companies should be pushing decision-making further down into the organization, but it isn’t happening. Respondents in that study said they wanted to continually develop their skills, but that they received no support from their employer to get new training.Walletsbitcoin заработок криптовалюты bitcoin coinmarketcap bitcoin ethereum добыча бесплатный bitcoin
bitcointalk ethereum
bitcoin теханализ bitcoin официальный bitcoin rpg bitcoin bcn карты bitcoin bitcoin 2017 avto bitcoin bitcoin machine
ethereum casino bitcoin хардфорк cryptocurrency market collector bitcoin bitcoin create прогноз ethereum bitcoin code ann monero обналичить bitcoin курс bitcoin
lootool bitcoin source bitcoin
I think Swan Bitcoin is great for accumulating Bitcoin, especially if you want to dollar-cost average into it, and I use it myself. I have a referral code as well: folks that sign up at swanbitcoin.com/alden/ can earn $10 in free Bitcoin if they start accumulating through that platform. It can be stored for free with their custodian, or automatically transferred to your wallet. For many people, this is the method I would personally recommend checking out.кошелька bitcoin логотип bitcoin win bitcoin
bitcoin adress short bitcoin bitcoin scrypt
cryptocurrency forum bitcoin приват24 supernova ethereum видеокарта bitcoin cryptocurrency mining
wikileaks bitcoin взлом bitcoin bitcoin life bitcoin видеокарты счет bitcoin bitcoin хайпы tether пополнение bitcoin машина cryptocurrency exchanges metatrader bitcoin взлом bitcoin bitcoin кошелек
1 ethereum foto bitcoin iota cryptocurrency bitcoin trading кошелька ethereum аналоги bitcoin xmr monero кран bitcoin взломать bitcoin ethereum core оплата bitcoin перевод bitcoin ставки bitcoin accepts bitcoin bitcoin reindex bitcoin traffic скачать bitcoin boxbit bitcoin доходность ethereum магазин bitcoin bitcoin авито работа bitcoin работа bitcoin bitcoin депозит lite bitcoin bitcoin coingecko your bitcoin x2 bitcoin bitcoin google bitcoin crash bitcoin андроид bitcoin торрент bitcoin reindex monero обменник статистика ethereum 33 bitcoin short bitcoin bitcoin china
mining bitcoin
bitcoin проверка отзывы ethereum ethereum сложность bitcoin foto майн ethereum
